Aomori DMC — agent guide

The numbered cards above show what we package in Aomori; this section explains how each experience actually runs on the ground — the timing, the ticketing, the guiding and the type of client each one suits. Aomori belongs to Tohoku, northern Honshu's quieter country of festivals, samurai towns and hot springs — the differentiator for repeat clients. Because Aomori is snow country, the calendar splits cleanly: deep winter powder from December to March and a cool, green summer from June to August, with foliage and late cherry blossom either side. Every program below is operated at net rates with transfers and licensed guides included, and the trade desk will combine any of them into half-day, full-day or multi-day modules within 24 hours of your enquiry.

Nebuta Matsuri (August)

After dark is when Aomori changes key, and Nebuta Matsuri is the safest, highest-rated way to capture that energy. The format is simple to sell: dinner first or after, a reserved seat, a spectacle that needs no translation, and a driver waiting at the exit. We hold allotments on the better seat categories through peak season, which matters because the front sections genuinely are a different show. Combine it with a night-market stroll or a rooftop stop to build a full evening program — costed as one net package through the trade desk.

Every booking for Nebuta Matsuri sits under the watch of our 24/7 operations desk. If weather, closures or a delayed flight into Via Tokyo — 3 h by shinkansen disrupt the plan, the Aomori team re-sequences the day in real time and tells your client what happens next before they have time to worry. You receive a short written note when anything material changes — no surprises in the post-trip debrief.

For the photographers in the group — and every group now has them — Nebuta Matsuri has its golden minutes, and our Aomori guides know precisely when they fall in each season. We will happily shift a pickup by forty minutes to put your clients in the right light, because the images they bring home are the most persuasive marketing your agency never had to commission. Tripods, drone rules and photography permissions vary by site; flag serious photographers at booking and the desk pre-clears what can be pre-cleared.

Hirosaki Castle cherry blossoms

Hirosaki Castle cherry blossoms is the spiritual anchor of any Aomori program, and it rewards being treated as more than a photo stop. We schedule it for early morning, when the light is soft, the heat is manageable and the coach groups have not yet arrived, and we pair it with a licensed guide who can read the iconography rather than recite dates. Dress codes are enforced at active religious sites — shoulders and knees covered — so we brief clients the evening before and keep sarongs in the vehicle. Entrance tickets, where charged, are pre-issued by our desk so nobody queues at a window.

For agents, the commercial logic is simple: Hirosaki Castle cherry blossoms is contracted at net rates with tickets, transfers and guiding bundled into one line on the quotation. You set your own margin. We confirm availability within 24 hours, issue vouchers your clients can show on a phone, and absorb the small operational hiccups — a late pickup, a weather swap — through the Aomori ground team without bothering you or your client.

As an upsell, Hirosaki Castle cherry blossoms works hardest in combination: pair it with one of the other experiences on this page sharing the same geography and the same vehicle, and the half-day price of each drops while the day reads as a richer product on your itinerary. Our Aomori planners build those pairings daily and will flag the natural matches on the quotation unprompted. Private upgrades, extended dwell time and meal add-ons are itemised separately, so you choose the margin architecture rather than inheriting ours.

Oirase Gorge & Lake Towada

Oirase Gorge & Lake Towada is the green lung of a Aomori program — the day that balances temples, transfers and pool time with something genuinely wild. We start early: trails, falls and viewpoints are at their best before mid-morning heat, and wildlife is far more obliging at dawn. Park fees are included in our net rates, proper footwear is flagged at booking, and our drivers wait at the trailhead rather than a distant lot. Water levels and trail conditions shift with the seasons, so the operations desk confirms the route in advance and substitutes a strong alternative when nature has other ideas.

Guides make this experience, so we assign them by source market: English as standard, with Mandarin, Russian, Arabic, German, French and other major languages available on request for Oirase Gorge & Lake Towada. Briefings happen before day one, not in the vehicle. If your clients have mobility needs, young children or a photography obsession, tell the trade desk at booking and the Aomori team will shape the pacing accordingly.

Season shapes this experience more than most clients realise. Because Aomori is snow country, the calendar splits cleanly: deep winter powder from December to March and a cool, green summer from June to August, with foliage and late cherry blossom either side, so the desk will tell you plainly how Oirase Gorge & Lake Towada performs on your travel dates — which weeks flatter it, which merely tolerate it, and when an alternative serves the file better. That candour at quotation stage is cheaper than disappointment after travel, and it is the habit that keeps agencies routing their Aomori programs through one ground operator instead of three suppliers who each blame the others.

Hakkoda snow corridor

Not every memorable experience needs a headline, and Hakkoda snow corridor proves it in Aomori. This is the connective tissue of a well-built program: unhurried, local in flavour and easy to operate, with our driver and guide shaping the visit around the group rather than a fixed script. We use it to balance intense sightseeing days, to give families a gentler morning or to add texture for clients on a second visit. Pickup times flex around your itinerary, entry arrangements are handled in advance and it combines with neighbouring stops into a coherent, fairly-priced half day.

Guides make this experience, so we assign them by source market: English as standard, with Mandarin, Russian, Arabic, German, French and other major languages available on request for Hakkoda snow corridor. Briefings happen before day one, not in the vehicle. If your clients have mobility needs, young children or a photography obsession, tell the trade desk at booking and the Aomori team will shape the pacing accordingly.

Season shapes this experience more than most clients realise. Because Aomori is snow country, the calendar splits cleanly: deep winter powder from December to March and a cool, green summer from June to August, with foliage and late cherry blossom either side, so the desk will tell you plainly how Hakkoda snow corridor performs on your travel dates — which weeks flatter it, which merely tolerate it, and when an alternative serves the file better. That candour at quotation stage is cheaper than disappointment after travel, and it is the habit that keeps agencies routing their Aomori programs through one ground operator instead of three suppliers who each blame the others.

Aomori apple products

Aomori apple products is the kind of local experience that separates an operated itinerary from a list of bookings in Aomori. We treat it with the same discipline as the headline sights: a confirmed pickup, a guide who actually knows the place and a schedule that visits at the right hour rather than the convenient one. It works as a standalone half day or stitched into a fuller program, and it earns its keep with clients who have already done the famous circuit. Ask the trade desk how it pairs with the other experiences on this page — the combinations usually cost less than the parts.

For agents, the commercial logic is simple: Aomori apple products is contracted at net rates with tickets, transfers and guiding bundled into one line on the quotation. You set your own margin. We confirm availability within 24 hours, issue vouchers your clients can show on a phone, and absorb the small operational hiccups — a late pickup, a weather swap — through the Aomori ground team without bothering you or your client.

As an upsell, Aomori apple products works hardest in combination: pair it with one of the other experiences on this page sharing the same geography and the same vehicle, and the half-day price of each drops while the day reads as a richer product on your itinerary. Our Aomori planners build those pairings daily and will flag the natural matches on the quotation unprompted. Private upgrades, extended dwell time and meal add-ons are itemised separately, so you choose the margin architecture rather than inheriting ours.

Beyond the headline experiences, the Aomori ground team keeps a longer menu of excursions, private dining set-ups and special-interest programs that never make it onto a public page — golf days, photography mornings, faith-based visits and teambuilding formats among them. If your client brief does not match anything above, describe it to the trade desk and we will build it. And because Aomori sits within easy reach of Sendai and Akita, most of these experiences can be woven into a wider Tohoku routing without repositioning hotels every night.

Seasonality decides whether a Aomori program delights or disappoints, so here is the honest month-by-month picture our operations team works from. Because Aomori is snow country, the calendar splits cleanly: deep winter powder from December to March and a cool, green summer from June to August, with foliage and late cherry blossom either side. Use it to set expectations at the point of sale — clients forgive weather they were warned about and never forgive weather they were promised away.

January in Aomori

Deep winter in Aomori: heavy, dry powder, temperatures from −5 to 2°C and the heart of the ski and snow-festival season. This is peak-of-peak — block resorts and guides six to twelve months ahead. Hotel materialisation deadlines bite hardest in this window — the desk flags every cut-off date in writing. Booking note: confirm rooms 60–90 days out for this window.

February in Aomori

Mid-winter in Aomori delivers the season's best snow and the great northern festivals — the Sapporo Snow Festival and Zao's frost-covered trees among them. Demand and rates are at their highest. On the ground, drivers and guides are confirmed the evening before each program day, whatever the month. Booking note: family demand spikes — reserve connecting rooms early.

March in Aomori

Late winter in Aomori: still firmly snow country, with reliable powder early in the month softening toward spring by its end. A strong, slightly quieter window for skiers. Guide allocation tightens in busy weeks, so language requests should travel with the booking, not after it. Booking note: peak-season cut-offs bite — confirm in writing to protect yourself.

April in Aomori

Spring comes late to Aomori: snow lingers in the mountains while the cherry blossoms finally open — a second sakura season weeks after the mainland. Cool days, beautiful light. Hirosaki Castle's cherry blossoms peak in late April, a celebrated late-sakura draw. On the ground, drivers and guides are confirmed the evening before each program day, whatever the month. Booking note: ideal for honeymoon upgrades at shoulder pricing.

May in Aomori

Cool, fresh spring in Aomori with late blossoms in the hills and the green season opening. Pleasant touring weather; mountain passes and alpine routes begin to reopen. Our operations desk re-checks every transfer and rail leg against the live conditions each morning this month. Booking note: peak-season cut-offs bite — confirm in writing to protect yourself.

June in Aomori

Early summer in Aomori: mild, low-humidity days of 20–24°C and the start of prime green season. A cool escape from the southern heat, with hiking and the first flowers. On the ground, drivers and guides are confirmed the evening before each program day, whatever the month. Booking note: family demand spikes — reserve connecting rooms early.

July in Aomori

Peak summer in Aomori: comfortable 22–26°C, low humidity and the lavender and flower fields at their best. Festivals, hiking and long daylight make this the green-season highlight. Hotel materialisation deadlines bite hardest in this window — the desk flags every cut-off date in writing. Booking note: confirm rooms 60–90 days out for this window.

August in Aomori

High summer in Aomori, cool and bright at 23–26°C while the mainland swelters. The great Tohoku festivals (Nebuta, Kanto, Tanabata) cluster now — block allocations the season before. The Nebuta Matsuri (early August) sends illuminated floats through the streets — Tohoku's flagship festival, with rooms scarce. Guide allocation tightens in busy weeks, so language requests should travel with the booking, not after it. Booking note: rail seats and flights fill before hotels do — sequence transport first.

September in Aomori

Early autumn in Aomori: crisp, clear days and the start of Japan's earliest foliage. A lovely, uncrowded touring month before the leaf-peeping crowds arrive. Excursion capacity is managed day by day, with weather swaps decided before clients reach the lobby. Booking note: keep one flex day in the program for weather swaps.

October in Aomori

Brilliant autumn in Aomori: the country's first and most vivid foliage, crisp air and clear skies. Quote leaf windows tightly — peak colour moves week by week. Hotel materialisation deadlines bite hardest in this window — the desk flags every cut-off date in writing. Booking note: confirm rooms 60–90 days out for this window.

November in Aomori

Late autumn into early winter in Aomori: the last foliage gives way to the first snows, temperatures dropping fast. A transitional month — confirm whether your dates want leaves or powder. On the ground, drivers and guides are confirmed the evening before each program day, whatever the month. Booking note: confirm rooms 60–90 days out for this window.

December in Aomori

Winter takes hold in Aomori: snow deepening, −5 to 2°C and the ski season opening in earnest. Early-season powder and pre-Christmas value make it a smart insider window. Guide allocation tightens in busy weeks, so language requests should travel with the booking, not after it. Booking note: keep one flex day in the program for weather swaps.

Shopping in Aomori

Shopping in Aomori is part of the itinerary, not an afterthought — clients measure a destination partly by what they carry home. The venues below are the ones our local team actually sends people to, with honest notes on what each does best. We fold shopping stops into touring days at natural points, advise on tax-free procedures for overseas visitors, and can arrange luggage forwarding for bulky finds so the purchase never becomes a baggage problem.

Local shopping streets. shotengai arcades in Aomori; we fold it into touring days at net rates so agents keep the margin. Regional crafts. traditional local products; ask the trade desk how it pairs with the day programs above.

Dining in Aomori

Ask anyone who has been what they remember about Aomori and the food arrives in the first sentence. The listings below are our team's working shortlist — the places we send our own staff. We schedule dining experiences when each venue is at its natural best, secure reservations that fill weeks ahead, and always carry the dietary notes from your booking so nobody ends up stranded at a feast. From standing sushi counters to celebration kaiseki and Michelin tables, the spread suits every file.

Local specialities. regional dishes of Aomori — bookable through our desk with transfers timed to your program. Izakaya dining. casual Japanese pub fare — our local team confirms timings and holds space on peak dates.

Wellness in Aomori

A spa or onsen afternoon is one of the easiest upsells in Aomori — low effort, high delight, healthy margin. The houses listed below are vetted for standards, not just decor, and our guides brief the bathing etiquette that makes the experience comfortable for first-timers. For wellness-led clients we go further: ryokan onsen nights, forest-bathing mornings and practitioner-led programs, all quoted net through the trade desk.

Onsen & sento. hot-spring bathing culture — our local team confirms timings and holds space on peak dates. Gardens & temples. calm green spaces; ask the trade desk how it pairs with the day programs above.

Entertainment in Aomori

Evenings and recreation are where Aomori programs win their reviews, because a memorable night out lands hard. The options below cover families, couples and groups; our role is matching the right venue to the right manifest and running the transfers so the evening never ends with a taxi negotiation. We brief honestly on tone — what suits children, what does not — so your recommendation always lands well.

Seasonal festivals. aomori matsuri and events; ask the trade desk how it pairs with the day programs above. Local nightlife. bars and izakaya — our local team confirms timings and holds space on peak dates.

Dietary note for agents: rural Aomori relies on local, seasonal cooking, so vegetarian, vegan and halal clients need a guide who can liaise with kitchens ahead — ours do, and onsen-ryokan kaiseki is adapted with advance notice. Allergies are flagged to every property on the route, and every dietary requirement on the booking follows the client onto each meal voucher.

These three sample programs show how we typically sequence Aomori for the trade — a tight first-timer format, a complete stay and a regional combination. All are templates, not fixed products: the trade desk re-times, re-prices and re-routes them around your clients flights, budget and pace, and returns a fully-costed quotation within 24 hours.

Classic Aomori — 3 days

The essential first-timer format: arrival, the headline sights and a structured farewell, built around Via Tokyo — 3 h by shinkansen.

• Day 1: Arrival via Via Tokyo — 3 h by shinkansen — meet and greet, private transfer (3 h from Tokyo by bullet train), hotel check-in and an easy evening orientation walk with dinner recommendations.
• Day 2: Full guided day pairing Nebuta Matsuri with Hirosaki Castle cherry blossoms — early start to beat heat and crowds, vetted local lunch, licensed guide throughout and the vehicle on standby all day.
• Day 3: Flexible final morning around Oirase Gorge & Lake Towada or free time for the hotel pool, late checkout where contracted, then a timed transfer back to Via Tokyo — 3 h by shinkansen against the flight schedule.

Net-rate note: the 3-day format prices keenly because one vehicle and one guide cover the whole program — ask the desk for the per-person tiering at 2, 4 and 6 pax.

Complete Aomori — 5 days

The full destination at a humane pace, with a free day that protects satisfaction scores and invites upsells.

• Day 1: Arrival via Via Tokyo — 3 h by shinkansen, private transfer and check-in; sunset welcome moment and a briefing pack with the week mapped out day by day.
• Day 2: Signature day: Nebuta Matsuri in the morning light, then Hirosaki Castle cherry blossoms in the afternoon — guide, tickets and lunch all pre-arranged at net rates.
• Day 3: Second excursion day built around Oirase Gorge & Lake Towada with Hakkoda snow corridor woven in — paced for photography and unhurried stops rather than a checklist sprint.
• Day 4: Free day with optional add-ons: Aomori apple products, spa time, a cooking class or a guided market morning — each bookable as a same-week module through our desk.
• Day 5: Slow breakfast, a last look at the neighbourhood, then the airport transfer to Via Tokyo — 3 h by shinkansen timed against the live flight number by the 24/7 desk.

Net-rate note: five-day programs unlock better hotel tiers — the per-night contract rates improve at 4+ nights in most Aomori properties we hold.

Combination — 7 days with Yamagata and Sendai

The regional best-of: Aomori anchored with its Tohoku neighbours Yamagata and Sendai, one ground team handling every leg.

• Day 1: Arrive via Via Tokyo — 3 h by shinkansen; private transfer, check-in and an easy first evening in Aomori to shake off the flight.
• Day 2: Headline Aomori day: Nebuta Matsuri plus Hirosaki Castle cherry blossoms with licensed guide, entrance tickets and a vetted lunch stop included.
• Day 3: Morning at Oirase Gorge & Lake Towada, afternoon transfer toward Yamagata — luggage handled, same coordinator, scenic stop en route where the road allows.
• Day 4: Full day in Yamagata: its signature experiences operated by the same regional team, so vouchers, guides and standards stay consistent.
• Day 5: Onward leg to Sendai with a guided highlight on arrival — the day is built around one unhurried transfer, not two rushed ones.
• Day 6: Sendai at full depth — we pick the two strongest experiences for your client profile and keep the evening free.
• Day 7: Return transfer and departure via the most sensible gateway for the routing — the desk sequences flights so nobody backtracks.

Net-rate note: multi-stop programs are where a DMC earns its keep — one invoice, one coordinator, contracted rates on every leg. Send your dates and the trade desk returns the full costing, hotel options included, within 24 hours.

The same destination sells completely differently to different files, so here is how our team positions Aomori segment by segment. Aomori belongs to Tohoku, northern Honshu's quieter country of festivals, samurai towns and hot springs — the differentiator for repeat clients, which shapes who books it and why.

Families in Aomori

Families are won or lost on pacing, and Aomori paces well when the program respects nap times, meal times and attention spans. We anchor family days around Oirase Gorge & Lake Towada and Nebuta Matsuri, both of which hold children's interest without exhausting the adults, and we keep drive segments short with snack-and-bathroom logic built into the route sheet. Hotels are chosen for interconnecting rooms, pools with shallow ends and breakfast that small people will actually eat. Guides briefed for multigenerational groups adjust commentary on the fly — facts for grandparents, games for the kids — and every quotation flags which experiences carry minimum ages.

Honeymoons & couples in Aomori

Honeymooners buy mood, and Aomori delivers it when the program protects privacy and timing. We build couple-first days around Oirase Gorge & Lake Towada in the soft early light and Hirosaki Castle cherry blossoms timed for golden hour, with private vehicles and guides throughout — no shared minivans on a honeymoon, ever. Room-level details carry the romance: high-floor or view categories negotiated at contracting, petals-and-sparkling staging on arrival night, and one show-stopper dinner reserved before the couple even lands. The trade desk flags every honeymoon booking so the ground team treats it as the once-in-a-lifetime file it is.

Luxury & VIP in Aomori

Luxury clients forgive nothing and remember everything, so our Aomori VIP programs are engineered backwards from the failure points. Arrival is met airside where the airport allows it; vehicles are late-model, chilled and stocked; and the itinerary holds white space deliberately — affluent travellers buy freedom, not density. Around that frame we stage the destination at its best: Hirosaki Castle cherry blossoms privately and unhurried, Nebuta Matsuri with the access and timing money is supposed to buy. Hotel placement leans on our top-tier contracts, and a senior coordinator owns the file from first transfer to final lounge.

Groups & MICE in Aomori

For groups and MICE planners, Aomori is a logistics equation before it is a destination — and we solve it daily. Coach fleets, hotel blocks, manifest changes at midnight and a gala venue that photographs well in the post-event report: all handled by one Explera project team with a single point of contact. Nebuta Matsuri converts into a strong group excursion with marshalled timing, and Oirase Gorge & Lake Towada adapts to teambuilding or hosted formats at scale. Site inspections are arranged for serious files, costing is itemised per pax band, and every program carries a contingency layer the delegates never see.

Adventure & active in Aomori

Active clients want their pulse raised and their logistics invisible, and Aomori obliges on both counts. We build adventure programs around Oirase Gorge & Lake Towada — operated with proper safety briefings, quality equipment and guides certified for the activity — and layer in Nebuta Matsuri for variety. Fitness levels are collected at booking, honest difficulty grades go on every quotation and there is always a plan B when weather closes a route. Early starts are the norm: the best conditions, the emptiest trails and the coolest hours all live before 9am, and adventure clients are the one segment that never complains about it.

Getting there

Aomori is reached via Via Tokyo — 3 h by shinkansen, and the transfer logic is simple once it is operated properly: 3 h from Tokyo by bullet train. Explera meets every arrival with a name board, a GPS-tracked vehicle from our own fleet — sedans, vans and coaches scaled to the manifest — and an English-speaking driver monitored against the live flight number, so delays cost your client nothing but the delay itself. Onward connections from other Japan regions are sequenced by the trade desk: we will tell you frankly whether the shinkansen, a domestic flight or a private road transfer serves the routing best, and we price each option side by side on the quotation.

Getting around

On the ground in Aomori, we mix the rail network with private vehicles: trains and the shinkansen handle the long, fast legs while a dedicated car or van with a driver who knows the back ways covers the touring days, with fuel, parking and waiting time included so the vehicle stays with the group. Local colour — a tram ride, a ropeway, a market walk — is woven in deliberately where it adds to the story. For evening outings the same driver returns, which clients notice and appreciate.

Where to stay — areas

Three placement logics cover Aomori. The central or station area concentrates hotels, dining and transfers — the default for first-timers and anyone prioritising convenience. The waterfront or resort edge trades a central address for sea views, calm and resort grounds; couples and long-stay files settle here. The quieter outskirts and nearby bays hold boutique and onsen stock for travellers touring by private vehicle anyway. We contract the strongest property in each band and will say plainly which suits your client.

Practical notes for agents

Practical notes for agents: lead times in Aomori run short for ground arrangements — 72 hours covers most standard programs — but peak-season hotel space wants 60–90 days. Vouchers are issued per service and honoured on a phone screen; rooming lists can change up to materialisation deadlines we state plainly at confirmation. Every file carries the 24/7 desk number, every driver is briefed the evening before, and anything that goes sideways is fixed first and reported to you in writing afterwards.

Snow country runs two peaks: confirm Aomori ski-season space (December–March) six to twelve months ahead — the Snow Festival and powder weeks sell first — and book the summer green season (June–August) 60–90 days out for lavender, festivals and foliage. Shoulder weeks confirm comfortably inside 30 days at the best rates. Event dates change the arithmetic entirely: Hirosaki Castle's cherry blossoms peak in late April, a celebrated late-sakura draw. For those windows, treat six to twelve months as the safe booking horizon and confirm rooms before you confirm rail and flights.

Cancellation awareness protects your margin: our standard ground arrangements in Aomori carry humane cut-offs that we state in writing on every quotation, but peak-date hotel space and event tickets often carry stricter, supplier-imposed terms — we flag those lines explicitly so nothing hides in the fine print. Where a client books early and the market softens, we will tell you; repricing honesty is cheaper than a lost partner.

For agencies running Aomori as a programmed destination, series allotments are the lever: committed seat-and-room blocks across a season give you guaranteed space in the tight windows and protected rates when walk-in prices spike. The trade desk builds allotment proposals around your expected volumes, with sensible release-back dates so unsold space never becomes your problem. One conversation in the contracting season saves fifty availability emails in the selling season.

The booking flow itself is built for trade speed: enquiry to fully-costed Aomori quotation within 24 hours, confirmation on your written acceptance, and vouchers issued per service so your clients carry proof of everything on a phone screen. Payment terms are agreed at partnership level rather than per file, deposits scale with how far out the booking sits, and the 24/7 desk owns every confirmed program from the first transfer to the last — which is why late changes are absorbed rather than litigated.

On the water around Aomori, the rules we operate by are simple and non-negotiable: reef-safe sunscreen briefed to every manifest, no anchoring on coral — our crews use moorings or drift — no touching or feeding marine life, and group sizes that respect the fragile sites we visit. Marine-park fees are paid in full, because that money is the reef's budget. Nationwide, we honour Japanese etiquette as policy: shrine and temple decorum briefed in advance, quiet on public transport, photography permissions secured first, and overtourism hotspots timed to off-peak hours — anywhere in Japan, regardless of what a cheaper supplier offers.

Explera's wider policy travels with every Aomori booking: single-use plastics minimised on our vehicles and boats, licensed local guides on every program because livelihoods matter as much as commentary, and honest pre-trip briefings that turn clients into better guests. We publish these standards to partner agencies because they increasingly win the booking — European and Australian markets in particular now ask, and we would rather you answer with specifics.

For agents, this is sellable substance rather than compliance wallpaper: name the etiquette-first guiding, the community-revenue model and the licensed-guide rule in your Aomori proposals and watch conversion improve with exactly the clients who spend most. The trade desk can supply the wording, the supporting details and per-program specifics for tender documents and sustainability questionnaires on request.